ABSTRACT
The study was conducted to examine how
unemployment has been reduced through co-operative movement in Isi0uzo local
government areas. In the course of this investigation research objective and
hypothesis were formulated Both primary and secondary data were collected and
data was then presented in a tabular form. Based on the above the finding on
the topic is as follows. Staff/employee of the sampled co-operative are
averagely qualifies for their various jobs and they are given opportunities for
further training by the co-operative societies. Employee of the sampled
co-operative are averagely paid with some necessary allowances. Co-operative
societies about 35% of school leavers yearly where helped. There is a
continuous education both to the members and the whole public. The researchers
recommendation include these:- Government should make it compulsory for every
establishment to have its own co-operative. Government should set up more
co-operative bank to give loans to individuals and group that are prospecting
to establish co-operative. In conclusion the researcher deemed it necessary
that every hand must be on desk to encourage the establishment of co-operative
enterprises, since it is now obvious that the only option left for us id to
adopt the socio-economic model of mutual self help.
TABLE OF
CONTENT
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.2
STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
1.3
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1.4
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.5
RESEARCH QUESTION
1.6
SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
1.7
DEFINITION OF TERMS
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 HISTORY OF CO-OPERATIVE IN ISI-UZO LOCAL
GOVERNMENT AREA
2.2 TYPES OF UNEMPLOYMENT
2.3 CAUSES OF UNEMPLOYMENT
2.4 BENEFITS OF CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY
2.5 THE ROLES OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN
CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1.
RESEARCH DESIGN
3.2.
AREA OF STUDY
3.3.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
3.4.
SAMPLE SIZE AND SAMPLE TECHNIQUES
3.5.
SOURCES OF DATA
3.5.1 PRIMARY SOURCES
3.5.2 SECONDARY SOURCES
3.6 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
3.7 ADMINISTRATION OF INSTRUMENT
3.8 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS
CHAPTER FOUR
DATE PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1.
PRESENTATION OF DATA
4.2.
ANALYSIS OF DATA
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATION AND
CONCLUSION
5.1
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
5.2
RECOMMENDATION
5.3
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
The introduction of this study co-operative as a tool to eliminate
unemployment in Enugu State shows the position effect of cooperative societies
in Isi-Uzo Local Government Area of Enugu State.
This is an introduction to a symposium on
unemployment in Isi-uzo Local Government Area. Isi-uzo journal of industrial
relations keyword labour studies.
Research on unemployment in Isi-uzo local
Government Area is not as widespread as in most affluent economic, no doubt
partly reflecting that for the past period up to the late 1960s unemployment
however measured and the social problem arising from it were small.
In the 1970s unemployment begins to increase
sharply reflecting difficulties in economic performance and its social
consequences become a matter of public concern.
It would be fair to say that this change left
social scientist a little stranded. There were two strategies.
Open for over coming this lack of research.
One was to adapt over research, preferably in a critical way. The other to
bring together whatever Isi-uzo local government area material was available.
The federal state unemployment insurance
system (vi) helps many people who have lost their jobs by replacing part of
their wages while they look for work.
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Cooperative started in eighteen century in
Britain as a result of the industrial revolution which caused great hardship
for those who lost their jobs and also to the evil of capitalism.
According to Bob. Igwe (2006, 16) capitalism
means the socio-economic system with the following relation of production. It
is a system divided into exploiters and exploited in which the exploiters
namely the capitalist. Own the means of production, that is means of production
that is means to life in the forn of vertive capital and property.
During this period people begins to search
for solution to stop the evil of capitalism it was in this period that the
founding father Robert owe come up with an idea of organizing the people to
stop the evil of capitalism and to promote the economic interest of the people
through co-operative.
What is co-operative?
The definition of co-operative is defined by
the (ICA) international co-operative Alliance (1945) according to Onoh
(2009.15) as an autonomous association of persons. United voluntarily to meet
their common economic social and cultural need and aspiration through a jointly
owned and democratically controlled enterprise. A cooperative is an autonomous
body which means they are free government and external bodies. The members of
the cooperative societies join voluntarily, it is an association of person not
or capital and their objective is to meet their members needs in the economics
circle. Cooperative is a basic for over all transformation of citizens social
and economic problems.
According to Amahalu (2006.2), co-operative
is defined as an association usually incorporated with economic aims, formal by
or for persons or co-operative having common needs approximately equal or
proportional contributions to capital deriving proportionate services and
benefit from it.
Co-operative in order to promote the welfare
of their members involve themselves on most tangible projects like building of
houses, building of schools, building of hospitals, building of recreation
centres, markets and building of industries. Co-operative serves as a hold to
company and local development agency; it also seeks to provide a community
owned structure.
According to Berko (1987.29) cooperative
society is a voluntary and democratic association of persons with variable
membership and variable capital whose members pooled themselves and their
resources together on mutual and self help basic to form a business enterprises
which seeks to solve the socio-economic problems of these members by directly
providing goods and service to them in their capacity as either the owners
customers or owners employees of the co-operative enterprise.
What is unemployment?
Unemployment is as by the Buraeu of labour
statistic as people who do not have a job have actively looked for work. Also
people who were temporarily laid off and are waiting to be called back to that
job are included in the unemployment statistic.
How can co-operative eliminate unemployment
in Isi-uzo local government area?
One of the points of the 7 point agenda is
food security and agriculture. This point is very important Nwanze (2010)
emphasized that agriculture and nutrition which is part of food security are
vital important issues and need to be a key part in our effort to fight
unemployment development and wealth creation.
Co-operative can eliminate unemployment
through creation of agriculture. They can also reduces unemployment their
integrated development strategy. They can also create small scale business for
people and employed people in that business.
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
Today there is vast unemployment in Nigeria
and Enugu Isi-uzo local government area in particular. After many years of
democracy there are many graduate of 15 (fifteen) years standing that room the
street in search of jobs that don’t exist. Unemployment is still on the
increase irrespective of federal government budget to curb the scourge.
In the year 2000 the federal government
budgeting N10 billion and N20 billion in 2011 to deal with unemployment yet
unemployment increase on daily basis. Both the state and federal government are
lunching out a lot of programmes on small scale business enterprises yet
unemployment is measuring.
Both our Presidents and the Governors keep on
lunching out over economy to outside country. Yet there is increment in
unemployment. Some many houses industries inside and outside the country yet
there is increment in unemployment.
However, the fact remain that no country can
succeed I providing a reasonable standard of living for her citizens. It is now
obvious that the only option left of us is to adopt the socio-economic model of
mutual self help where by unemployed individuals can voluntarily join together
to achieve a common goal through the formation of co-operative enterprise.
In order to reduce unemployment co-operative
we know plays multiple roes as institutional frame work for allocating source
resources, stimulating economic growth and enhancing economic welfare. It raise
the income level of the people by providing income earning opportunities.
Making reasons have been given for this critical situation concerning jobs and
such reasons include rapid growth of population in over country, the society of
capital to the cheap labour and the impact of new technology.
In this study researcher seek to determine a
match between the duration of unemployment and the duration of education among
youth in Isi-uzo local government area.
Unemployment among the youth is on the rise
in many countries over the last decades up to their point there is no research
being conducted to scrutinize the employment process from school to work.
Therefore this research is carried out to
analyze the labour market entrance of the youth by focusing on the unemployment
status of the youth after completion of formal schooling over an 18 months
period and the mismatch between education and work at the early stage of
working like.
The problem stamen of this study is to what
extent the level of education influence the duration of unemployment.
Can highly educated workers being absorbed
faster into job market compare to those who are not.
What are the possibilities of other
demographic variable that influence the inclusion into the labour market?
Does a possible of mismatch between education
and work during the early state of employment exist?
1.3
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
This research has the major objective of
finding in comparative terms on the heavy promotion and creation of cooperative
enterprise and exploit the economic benefits associated with them in Enugu
Isi-uzo local government area from 2000-2006.
To study whether the duration of unemployment
is strongly influenced by the level of education by analyzing the transition
process from school to work.
To shows the empirical evidence of the match
between the duration of education and the duration of unemployment.
To analyze the mismatch between education
level and work during the early stage of the working life taking into account
minimum criterion for job entry.
To explore either demographic variable that
influence the inclusion into the labour market.
To identify the socio-economic characteristic
associated with co-operative societies.
To identify the support for modern farming
investment for industrial development and expansion of market through
co-operative society.
To identify the problem of co-operative
society creating job opportunity in Isi-uzo particular.
To examine the volume of unemployment created
by co-operative society.
To assess the volume of viable co-operative
society
To make recommendations on how to improve
co-operative societies in order to meet the demand of reducing unemployment.
To find out possible project co-operative can
be involve in.
To find out the number of people employed by
co-operative society in Isi-uzo local government from 2000 – 2006.
1.4
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
There is need for reducing unemployment in
our society and Isi-uzo local government area I particular and the only way out
through co-operative society. This analytical study shows the extent of some
particular proposals for solution to these problem of unemployment in Isi-uzo
local government in Enugu state and also serve as a basic for offering informed
suggestions for improvement on its social –economic development and growth.
It is envisage that finding suggestion and
recommendation of this study will be beneficial to all members and non members
of co-operative society and government as well. Specifically this research will
go a long way to encourage people to join co-operative society.
To further the scope of this study discussion
and the possible means of efficient implementation will be based on the
following:
1
Enhance economic society and cultural situation of strata within limited
resources and opportunities as well as to promote their initiatives.
Improve social condition and provide social services
in the areas of housing, education, electricity, health and communication.
Increase personal and national wealth through
campaigning against waste. It also impacts the element for democratic control
of economic activity.
Therefore since co-operative thinks about the
enhancement of their member well being as their prime ideology. It has to work
towards the achievement of the target.
Also this research study is primarily
concerned in addition to the formal pronouncement of co-operative distribution
on how to make them functional that is providing as social economic development
and growth thereby creating job opportunities as the prime ingredient to
achieving its aim.
One of the major problems in determining the
effect of a public college on the local economy is linking the causality of the
spill over effects and explaining the anomalies in the findings when observing
unemployment. It is noted that there are two different types of or stages of
unemployment.
Long term unemployment that is attributable a
poor economy.
Frictional unemployment which is where a
professional in temporarily unemployed after graduating or while they are in
between jobs.
1.5
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
2
What are the number f people employed by co-operative societies in
Isi-uzo local government Area?
3
What are the project co-operative can involve in?
4
What are the problem of co-operative societies in Isi-uzo local
Government?
5
What are the socio-economic benefits of belonging to co-operative
society?
6
Why do people form a joint co-operative societies?
1.6
SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF STUDY
The scope of the research is Isi-uzo local
government area of Enugu State. The research is to determine the impact and
effect of unemployment reduction through co-operative movement/societies with
specific emphasis on Isi-uzo local government staff credit thrift and loans
society.
The research covers the operation of
co-operative society with the intension of finding out to what extent they can
create employment.
In the course of generating this work, the
researcher faced several handicaps which include non co-operative attitude of
some officials visited which resulted in not giving all the information
required about their operations inadequacy of data. Most of the officers
visited were not on sit despite several visitation made by the researcher.
Finance has been a problem to the completion
of the research. It limited frequent travels which ought to have made to the
sample co-operative societies.
Despite all this limitation the researcher
tried to control several errors which would have affected the findings.
1.7
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Co-operative:- According to ICA 1995, it is
an autonomous association of persons united voluntary to meet their common
economic social and cultural needs and aspiration through a jointly owned and
democratically controlled enterprise.
Unemployment:- This is the state of being
unemployed. It is the number or proportion of unemployed people.
Unemployment occur when people are without
work and actively seeking for work. The unemployment rate is a measure of the prevalence of
unemployment and it is calculated as a percentage by dividing the number of
unemployment individuals currently in the labour force.
Tool:- A thing used to help carryout a
particular job without much of stress.
Eliminates: This is the state of being
extremely poor and enable amount.