ABSTRACT
A computer is digital electronic machine capable of
accepting input data, processing and producing an output (information). The
computer is an important tool that plays a good role in the analysis of any subject
that is to be programmed. Though before a computer can be successfully
programmed and utilized, it must be studied. Hence, “computer Science” which is
the study of computer and its programming is mainly about the design and
analysis, modeling and application of computer related system.
Typhoid and malaria disease of human caused by
infection with protozoan parasite belongs to the genus plasmodium and is
characterised by chills, fever (sustained elevation of the body temperature)
and in the most severe cases coma leading to death.
Health care information is system inculcated by
health ministries, hospitals and clinics as well as dispensaries and other
health industries where by sitting in the waiting rooms of the hospital to see
doctors or medical practitioners are been educated in various health matters
stating most health problems, their causative, prevention and control measures,
first aid and possible cures with the aim of improving the health condition or
situation of the people.
Therefore, the web-based that will be designed in
this project servers as an aid to all medical practitioners and patients
towards the establishment of proper health development, diagnosis and treatment
of typhoid and malaria of the masses.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Typhoid
and malaria disease of human caused by infection with protozoan parasite
belongs to the genus plasmodium and is characterised by chills, fever
(sustained elevation of the body temperature) and in the most severe cases coma
leading to death.
Typhoid
and malaria infection can be either uncomplicated or severe it is said to be
severe when plasmodium falciparum is the cause of the infection. The life cycle
of the parasite (pathogenesis) is so complicated because of the tendency of the
merozite (daughter cell of the parasite) to produce different antigen that are
sensitive to different antibody. This has made the production of the vaccine
against it difficult and also making it possible for it to hide from the immune
system
There
are four plasmodium species that causes human typhoid and malaria. These are
plasmodium vivax that causes vivax typhoid and malaria, falciparum typhoid and
malaria is caused by plasmodium falciparum typhoid and malaria typhoid and
malariae caused by plasmodium typhoid and malariae and the fourth type oval typhoid
and malaria, caused by plasmodium ovale.
The
disease now occurs in tropical and subtropical regions of the world with Africa
having the highest occurrence of the infection. The optimistic concept of
eradication of typhoid and malaria half country ago has been modified and the
emphasis is now on control since speed, accuracy and efficient information
distribution is what is required in a proper disease diagnosisand treatment, it
then calls for a web-based health care information.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Health
care information is system inculcated by health ministries, hospitals and
clinics as well as dispensaries and other health industries where by sitting in
the waiting rooms of the hospital to see doctors or medical practitioners are
been educated in various health matters stating most health problems, their
causative, prevention and control measures, first aid and possible cures with
the aim of improving the health condition or situation of the people.
In
this health care information system, patient can learn much about typhoid and
malaria, the things they do in order not to fall victims and in case somebody
is a victim what should be done to help the person get rid of the disease
Therefore,
the web-based that will be designed in this project servers as an aid to all
medical practitioners and patients towards the establishment of proper health
development, diagnosis and treatment of typhoid and malaria of the masses.
Furthermore,
if the software is made available to the masses, there will be bound to be a
reduction in the rate at which people fall sick, die or being handicapped by typhoid
and malaria. Because they can browse the website from their home and watch on
their own personal computers.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
i. There are
limited number of medical doctors for the treatment of typhoid and malaria and
not evenly spread across the country. In addition, the people that should
access healthcare facilities are far removed from medical facilities. In view of the foregoing, it is of great
necessity to provide an expert system to assist doctors in diagnosing and
treating typhoid and malaria, which this research is focused on designing and
creating.
ii. There is
need to build a web based expert system that will diagnose people of typhoid
and malaria, suggest treatment and provide necessary information on typhoid and
malaria, for hospitals and individuals. The software will diagnose typhoid and
malaria infection from information concerning the patient''s symptoms and test
results, and recommend a medication, have a database for storing information
about drug prescription and other typhoid and malaria related information, and
be user-friendly.
iii. There is
need to create a system that would retain the skill of an expert medical doctor
relating to treatment of typhoid and malaria in case of any eventuality. The
system will act as a diagnosis tool, which can assist typhoid and malaria
researchers determine the intensity or concentration of typhoid and malaria
parasites in designated geographical locations and, in turn, help in developing
effective control measures to limit the spread of typhoid and malaria in such
regions.
iv. There is
need to create a system that would also solve the problems encountered in areas
where there are no medical experts or where medical experts are limited in
number.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The
aim of this research is to design and implement on web-based health care
information system that will aid doctors on the undying struggle to eradicate a
disease like typhoid and malaria.
a. To
implement a system that will helps in the identification of typhoid and malaria.
b. It
give accurate efficient information on the treatment of typhoid and malaria.
c. It
give information on the prevention and control of typhoid and malaria.
d. Its
almost objective is not to be reliable and to be able to act as doctor in the
absence of such doctors.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
Typhoid
and malaria is one disease, although common, yet a lot of people are still not
well informed about it, and consequently do not take its treatment serious.
Thus the importance of this research cannot be over emphasised, because it
holds the key to proper diagnosis and treatment of the disease. It will also be
useful where there is no expertise on typhoid and malaria treatment.
1.5SCOPE OF STUDY
This
project work is centred to only on disseminating of health care information system
for diagnosis and treatment of typhoid and malaria which will be an online
based or wed-based.
1.6 LIMITATION OF STUDY
The
limitation or hindrance encountered during this research include the financial
aspect, the cost of getting the materials for this work and lack of sufficient
information and co-operation from doctors and nurses as well as medical
research institutions thus did not allow us to gather enough relevant data.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
ALIMENT
A mild illness or injury,
especially a persistence one.
CHILL
A
sudden short fever: A short fever with shivering and a sensation of coldness.
CONSULTANT
A senior doctor who is fully
qualified in a particular branch of medicine.