TABLE
OF CONTENT
CERTIFICATION
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER
1
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1.3
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1.4
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1.5
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.6
STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
1.7
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
1.8
DEFINITION OF TREMS
ABSTRACT
The
research is an assessment of the delivery of low income housing in Nigeria, it
analyzes the prospect and challenges of delivery of low income housing in Nigeria
and intends to profer recommendations toward an efficient delivery of low
income housing in Nigeria.
INTRODUCTION
Housing
is paramount to human existence as it ranks among the top three needs of man.
Its provision has always been of great necessity to man.
As a unit of the environment housing has
profound influence on the health, efficiency, social behaviour, satisfaction
and general welfare of the community. It is a reflection of the cultural,
social and economic values of a society and one of the best historical
evidences of the civilization of a country (Olotuah, 2000).
The provision of adequate housing in any
country is very vital as housing is a stimulant of the national economy.
Housing is a set of durable assets, which accounts for a high proportion of a
country’s wealth and on which households spend a substantial part of their
income. It is for these reasons that housing has become a regular feature in
economic, social and political debates often with highly charged emotional
contents (Agbola, 1998).
In Nigeria, like in many other
developing nations of the world housing problems are multi dimensional. The
problems of population explosion, continuous influx of people from the rural to
the urban centres, and the lack of basic infrastructure required for good
standard of living have compounded housing problems over the years. Access to
this basic need by the poor who constitute the largest percentage of the world
population has remained a mirage and it needs to be critically addressed. Ogieto
(1987) has observed that the disparity between the price and quantity of
housing on the one hand, and the number of households and the money available
to them to pay these prices on the other, constitutes the central problem of
housing. The cost at which houses reach the market goes a long way to determine
affordability. Where the unit cost of houses is abnormally high only a few
people are able to afford the houses. According to Okupe and Windapo (2000) the
gap between income and shelter cost in Nigeria is very wide.
This
has almost eliminated the low-income earners from the housing market, The
research intends to provide an assessment of
the delivery of low income housing in Nigeria ;its prospect and
challenges
CHAPTER 1
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Shortage
of adequate housing virtually abounds in every country, particularly in the
developing and third world countries. The shortage, in both quantitative and
qualitative terms, is more acute in the urban centres. Omojinmi (2000) observed
that people that sleep in indecent houses in urban Nigeria are more than people
who sleep in decent houses. Thus, it is assertive that there is inadequacy in
housing to cope with the ever-increasing population in Nigeria (Arayela, 2003).
The causes of this dearth in housing are numerous. High construction cost
is found to be present in all countries, albeit in varying degrees of
significance (Adedeji, 2007). Afolayan
(1987) attributes the high cost of construction to rising cost of building
materials, inflation rate in the economy, high space and quality standard
adopted by designers, professional fees for housing design and construction,
excessive profit of contractors and 10% interest payable on National Housing
Fund in Nigeria (NHF).Cases of high cost of housing compared to the low
salaries of civil servants in Nigeria could be seen in the sale of 2-bedroom
bungalows at Otedola Estate in Lagos, which according to LSG (1999) was the
cheapest obtainable and the subsequent sale of 2-bedroom flat at Ikorodu by
LSDPC (Lagos State Development and Property Corporation) at N1.7 Million. The
research intends to investigate the delivery of low income housing in Nigeria
;its challenges and prospect.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The inability of many Nigerian workers
to afford good housing has grown to a
greater dimension, the implication resulting in low morale and productivity.
However in view of the significance of housing delivery it is pertinent that
the issue of housing delivery be properly addressed. The research intends to investigate
the delivery of low income housing in Nigeria; its prospect and challenges
1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1
What is the nature of low income
housing delivery in Nigeria
2
What constitute the challenges and
prospect of low income housing delivery in Nigeria
1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1. To
appraise the nature of low income housing delivery in Nigeria
2 To
determine the nature of the challenges of low income housing delivery in
Nigeria
3 To
appraise the prospect of low income housing delivery in Nigeria
1.5
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The research shall
provide an assessment of the challenges and prospect of low income housing delivery
in Nigeria and shall serve as a veritable source of information on low income
housing delivery.
1.6
STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
1
H0 The
delivery of low income housing in Nigeria is low
H1 The delivery of low income housing in Nigeria
is high
2
H0
The challenges of low income
delivery in Nigeria is low
H1 The
challenges of low income delivery in Nigeria is high
3 H0
The prospect of low income
delivery in Nigeria is low
H1 The
prospect of low income delivery in Nigeria is high
1.7
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of the
study is focused on the assessment of the delivery of low income housing in
Nigeria .It analyzes the challenges and prospect of the delivery of low income
housing in Nigeria.
1.8
DEFINITION OF TERMS
NATIONAL HOUSING FUND
DEFINED
The National Housing
Fund (NHF) scheme came into being through an Act of the National Assembly (Act
No.2 of 1992). National Housing Fund provided that 2.5% of the income of
workers be paid to the fund as mandatory savings.
LOW
INCOME EARNERS DEFINED
The
Nigerian National Housing Policy (FGN, 2004) defines the low-income group as
all employees and self-employed persons whose annual income is N100, 000:00 and
below (i.e. the equivalent of salary grade level of 01-06 within the civil
service). Interestingly, the national minimum wage is N44, 000. 00 per annum.
About fifty-seven percent (57%) of the Nigerian population falls below the
poverty line, which is on the average of US$1 per day (Wahab, 2006). In
reality, most employees who work outside the public sector or outside the
organized private sector, as well as many self-employed Nigerians earn well
below the national minimum wage.