ABSTRACT
This project is designed to give insight into the use of
budget and budgetary control as a tool for evaluation of the performance of
government ministries in Imo State public sector.
It must be remembered that budgeting in government
ministries encompasses two phases of the financial management cycle. The first
consist of the expression in monetary terms of the short term plans and the
second consist of execution, accounting and internal control in which all plans
are expected to be executed and internally controlled.
The researcher approached this project in the first chapter.
Chapter two and three constitutes the preliminary search which includes
comprehensive literature and review and research methodology. In chapter four,
data was collected with the help of questionnaire, interviews and extraction
from budget estimates and were used in making an empirical analysis and simple
percentage. Chapter five present the findings, recommendations and conclusion
of all the work done, it established that an effective budgetary system has a
position co-relating with enhancing system has positive re-relation with enhancing
performance of government ministries.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of contents
List of tables
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the problem
1.3 Objectives of the study
1.4 Research questions
1.5 Significance of the study
1.6 Scope of the study
1.7 Limitation of the study
1.8 Definition of terms
CHAPTER TWO
Review of related Literature
2.0 Introduction
2.1 Definition of the budget
2.2 Purpose of the budget
2.3 Preparation of budget manual.
2.4 Planning and control process.
2.5 Types of budget for planning and control
2.6 Budget and budgeting control
2.7 Budgeting as a tool of control
2.8 The present budget system in Imo State.
2.9 Establishment of budget committee.
2.10 Causes of ineffectiveness of a budgeting system
2.11 Budget structure and documentation, the three should
listed sequentially
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Research methodology
3.1 Research design
3.2 Source of data
3.3 Data collection procedure
3.4 population and Sampling size of the study
3.5 Instrument for data collection
3.6 validity and reliability of measuring instrument
3.7 Data analysis technique
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Presentation and analysis of data
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Presentation of data
4.3 Data Analysis
4.4 Interpretation of result
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Summary, conclusion and recommendation
5.1 Summary of findings
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
Bibliography
Appendix
Research questionnaires
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The concept of budgeting is as old man in history. We learnt
that the early man had to determine whatever he needed in advance before it
eventually materialized.
Ojaide (2002:3) this is very obvious in the present days in
the lives of individuals, a state or nation. For one to succeed in this world,
one has to plan ahead and map out how to uses limited resources to achieve
positive results.
As a nation plans ahead in terms of revenue and expenditure
within specific period of time so also an individual, local or state government
conceptualizes anticipated revenue and disbursement within a period of time.
This is called budget.
Oparaeke C.N defined budget as a “plan of financial
operation stating an estimate of proposes means of financing it. The term
budget of government which is presented to the legislative body for approval. A
government budget may involve billions of naira, but all budgets resemble one
another in certain ways”
Budgets help individual or group achieve certain goals in
making them use what ever resources available wisely. Every establishment be it
public or private finds necessary to prepare budgets and institute budgetary
control for the purpose of translating policies coordinating activities as well
as instituting financial control in order to achieve the best possible result.
This as budgeting is made both in public and private sector, it can therefore
be seen that budget and budgetary control if effectively planned and
implemented can be used as an effective management techniques for achieving
proper financial management.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
There is general awareness all over the world of the need to
pay greater attention to the development of government budgeting and control.
The reason is obvious government in all nations constitutes the largest single
entity and in many places the core of the economy.
Its pattern of expenditure or manner of resources allocation
determines the extent to which accountability, economic efficiency and
effectiveness can be achieved. The budget system which is very complex should
aim at attaining greater efficiency in the use of scarce government resources
as well as establishing priorities among completing goals.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
As budgeting helps organization towards the right step in
achieving desired goals and also with the highlighted problems above this study
have the following objectives;
To generally examine what is meant by budgeting in the state
government and in its preparation.
To evaluate the objective and uses of budgets.
To use what extent budgets are implemented for achievement
of results.
To issue recommendation for improvement.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION
Is there any need for the preparation of government budget?
How can we encounter problem in budget preparation.
What should be done for any economy to benefit from budget
control?
Does budget control enhance budget application?
Is budget control related to efficiency in performance?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
A saying goes that “if a man does not take thought of what
is very distance before long, he will find sorrows at hand”, Warren (1996) he
also said that planning is eventually a process of preparing the commitment of
resources in the most economical fashion’.
A well prepared budget will enable the ministries achieved
it goals and objective which shabbling prepared budgets are always disastrous.