ABSTRACT
The study investigated the relationship
between school facilities and students’ academic performance in selected
secondary schools in Shomolu Local Government Area of Lagos State. In this
study relevant literature review was carried out. The survey research design
was used in order to assess the opinions of the respondents with the use of the
questionnaire. A questionnaire was designed by the researcher and validated by
the supervisor and was administered to the respondents to collect needed data.
A total of 120 respondents comprising 60 male and 60 female students were
sampled for the study. Two null hypotheses were formulated and tested in this
study. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation and independent t-test
statistical tools were applied in testing the hypotheses at 0.05 level of
significance.
At the end of the analysis, the
following results emerged:
(1)
There was a significant relationship between school
facilities and students’ academic performance in the schools.
(2)
There was a significant difference between the academic
performance of students who attended schools where there were facilities and
those whose schools did not have facilities.
These results were discussed and
recommendations were made based on the findings.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgements iv
Abstract v
Table of contents vi
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1
Background to the
Study 1
Statement of the
Problem 3
Purpose of the
Study 4
Research
Questions 5
Research
Hypotheses 6
Significance of
the Study 6
Scope of the
Study 7
Definition of
Terms 8
CHAPTER
TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 9
Meaning of
Education Facilities 9
Education
Facilities and Planning 11
Maintenance of
School Facilities 15
Physical
Facilities and Students’ Academic Performance 21
Humans Resources
and Students’ Academic Performance 22
The
Role of Educational Resource Centers in Students’ Academic Performance 24
Summary
of Review 27
CHAPTER
THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 29
Introduction 29
Research Design 29
Population of the
Study 29
Sample and
Sampling Technique 29
Research
Instrument 30
Validity and
Reliability of Research Instrument 30
Procedure for
Data Collection 31
Data Analysis Procedure 31
Chapter
Four: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 32
Demographic
Characteristics of the Participants 32
Answers to Research Questions 33
Hypotheses
Testing 39
Summary of
Findings 41
Discussion of
Findings 41
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS 44
Introduction 44
Summary of the
Study 44
Recommendations 45
Conclusion 46
References 48
Appendix 50
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background
to the Study
Facility means the system which
supports the operation of an organisation or an institution to carry its daily
activities and to promote growth and development in such organisation or
institution.
Facility refers to the entire
environment of the school or an organisation, it refers to both the physical
and material resources available to the students and teachers in the school to
facilitate the learning - teaching process. The classrooms; the libraries and
the laboratories for sciences are the three main areas of facilities identified
in the school system or environment (Onyeji, 2000)
Yeloye (2002) states that in terms of
the availability of the libraries as one of the school facilities, a great many
of our secondary schools have no functional libraries, and where some libraries
are found, there are no new or current books that are relevant to the current
secondary school programmes. In effect there are no library facilities in most
of the secondary schools in Nigeria,
especially in Lagos
State.
The importance and uses of the library
cannot be under-rated. Libraries and books give great assistance to both the
teachers and the learners. In a situation whereby our secondary school students
are left with no choice to make their text books as the only source of
knowledge, the danger of exposing them to obsolete knowledge in old books
donated by the British Council several years ago as one normally finds in the
old secondary schools should not be overlooked. According to Dada (2004), any
one who is familiar with secondary school classrooms in Nigeria, especially in
Lagos State, will agree that no meaningful teaching/learning activities can
effectively take place in most of them, even if teachers are God-sent and the
learners are celetial pack of highly intelligent personalities, the problem is
that where there are classrooms, they are overcrowded to the extent that rooms
originally meant for between 30 and 40 students, take between 60 and 80
students with a good number of them sitting on windows. In this situation,
neither the teacher nor the students can move freely as expected in our
secondary school classrooms. This is why many teachers do not give assignments
to such large number of students regularly as expected. And this has affected
students academic performance drastically.
On science laboraories, Olarewaju
(2004) claims that only few schools have science laboratories which are well
equipped to carry out scientific experiments in courses such as biology,
physics, and chemistry. A good number of schools teach biology or chemistry as
if they are non-science subjects without laboratory. Some other schools teach
the three branches of science without laboratories in the hope that they would
use other schools’ laboratories during their examinations or compel students to
contribute money for purchase of science equipment through the Parent-Teachers
Association (PTA). It should be noted that the greatest failure rate is in the
sciences because our schools lack the essential science materials but rather,
resort to the theoretical science without the use of laboratory. The contention
is that the nation has been unfair not only to students in our secondary
schools but also to herself. This s because no nation can develop
technologically through theoretical teaching of science subjects, under poor
educational facilities, no meaningful teaching and learning can take place, and
the normal refrain in the educational circle is that all is well with our
secondary schools.
Statement
of the Problem
The importance of school facilities or
amenities in the development and growth of the educational sector cannot be
overemphasized. Many schools in Nigeria
today do not have certain school facilities that can make teaching and learning
to be easier and enjoyable to both the teachers and the students.
Often times, there has been a constant
outcry of the inadequate provision or non-provision of the school facilities,
especially, the laboratories, the classrooms (buildings) and the libraries
which are the main school facilities that aid teaching and learning, for
example due to lack of necessary equipment in the school, teachers in the
science fields find it difficult to experiment and carryout practical teaching
in the school, and the resultant effect is that most science students fail their
science related subjects in the external and internal examinations.