EXTRACTED FROM LITERATURE REVIEW
THE ROLE OF SEX HORMONES
During childhood, the capacity of sexual
response and the experience of sexual pleasure as well as the potential
for orgasm exists at least in a proportion of children whether this
apparently variable potential among childrenreflects different learning
experiences during childhood, different opportunities for realizing the
potential or different gentile influences is not known. The importance
of gonadal hormones in particular testosterone, in organizing early
brain development and function has been discussed earlier. During
childhood, gonadal steroid hormones are title in evidence, but from the
ages of 9 or 10 years they start to increase as the child approaches
puberty from there on we have to consider the activating role of those
hormones on sexuality and the impact they have on sexuality, and the
impact they have on sexuality, and the impact they have on sexuality
during three stages of the life course around puberty and during early
adolescence during adulthood until muddle age, and during the later
years.
An adult male’s continued interest in sex depends on he’s
having a normal level of circulating testosterone. If an otherwise
normal male has his testosterone lowered by testicular suppressive
drugs, he experiences a decline in sexual interest, which returns when
the process is reversed. In case of testicular impairment (primary or
secondary hypogonadison). When testosterone level fall below normal
range almost all males experience a decline in sexual interest and
capacity for ejaculation. This is reversed by testosterone replacement
the raphy. This is a robust, predictable finding across a substantial
number of placebo-controlled studies. A similar pattern is observed with
spontaneous erection during sleep, or nocturnal penile tumescence,
which decline and return with testosterone withdrawal and replacement
these erections are interesting manifestations of the sexually
arousability of the brain uncomplicated by cognitive processes, and this
evidence clearly points to the role of testosterone in central sexual
arousal mechanism it is important to emphasis, however, that normal
levels of testosterone are necessary but not sufficient for normal
levels of sexual desire. These are the factors which can inhibit or
alter sexual desire in the presence of normal testosterone levels.
The
role of testosterone the become less clear as men get older there is a
normal, but variable, tendency for tester one levels of decline on men
beyond the fifth decade, and this is often accompanied by an age-related
decline in sexual interest. This is sometimes referred to
inappropriately as the “male menopause” However, there is no clear
evidence that that this pattern can be reversed by testosterone
replacement. It is possible that there is a decline in responsiveness to
testosterone in addition to a fall in the hormone level (Schiavs,
1999).
There is also a common (though variable) age-related decline
in erectile responsiveness, such that are men get older erections
develop less consistently and are less strong and less well-sustained.
The mechanisms for this are not well understood but may be related to
change in neuro transmitter responsiveness in erectile tissues (Cerner
and Chirst, 2000).
THE SIDE EFFECTS OF DRUGSGiven
the complexity of the brain, and its mechanism of control, it is not
surprising that anyone mechanism in involved in a variety of different
response patterns. Thus mechanisms relevant to control to sexual
response may also be relevant to control of other motivated behaviours
such as eating or aggressive behaviour for this season it is difficult
to develop drugs which selectively influence specific aspects of brain
function. As a consequence, drugs developed for one purpose have other
unwanted or unintended side effect. Sexual side effects of drugs aimed
at the as are not uncommon although biochemical mechanisms in the CNS
are enormously complex, as previously discussed, we can consider drug
effects which are likely to be predominantly central and those
repdominantly peripheral. We can also consider drugs which have
serotonergic, noradrenergic, and dopaninergic effects. The best examples
are modery anticlegressanys which involve inhibition of serotonin
re-take (SSRI’S such as flutxcline; Rosen, lane, & menace (2001).
Such drug commonly inhibit organism in women or decay ejaculation in
men, and are used to treat problems of repaid ejaculation.