ABSTRACT
The cam of this study was to examine the incidence of
HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. This study started with attempt to state the
problem that motivated the study.
The study was done to access critically the impact of
HIV/AIDS in Nigeria and the effort toward reducing it. The method
hypothesis was tested with use of kruskal wallis multiple comparism
test, sign test and test for goodness of fit. In this test, the null
hypothesis of the first two test was rejected while the later was
accepted rise in the reported cases of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria.
We also conclude that there are differences in the age
distribution of people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria and that the rate
of occurrence is not the same in male and female. Also is 39 age class
are mostly affected.
The following recommendation were made, that specific
measures should be adopted such as provision of safe blood transfusion
etc, employment opportunities should be provided for youths to
discourage them from prostitution and drug abuse, men and women should
change their sexual behaviours and government should take urgent step to
avoid decrease in population, frustration etc.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the most unwelcome
visitor of the 20th Century. It has been disturbing and posing a great
threat to human race and world population. Since the discovery of AIDS
in 1981 in America, there has been tremendous rise in the cases the
number of deaths. The prediction of doom by some local and
international organization like the United Nations is turning into
reality. The future is so uncertain as to what will become of
developing countries like Nigeria where the scourge is gradually taking
its tell on the population.
1.1.1 WHAT IS AIDS
AIDS is a very serious disease that affects the body’s ability of
defend itself against certain other diseases. It caused by virus HIV
(Human Immune Deficiency Virus). It is retrovirus which affects and
takes over certain cells of the immune system. The HIV virus penetrates
immunity enhancing cells. It then makes new copies of itself and from
there, goes on infecting other immunity cell. This causes the infected
cell to function improperly and prematurely. This leads to weakening of
the immune system thereby permitting all kinds of infection.
1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.2.1 THE ORIGIN OF AIDS
No one knows exactly where the AIDS virus came from but many
scientist think it originated in Africa. One theory is that AIDS virus
evolved from a similar, through harmless virus found in African Green
Monkey. According to this theory, soemtime in the past, one of the
monkey viruses underwent a change mutatim that enabled it to survive in
the human body. This mutation was passed on to the virus’s “offspring”
and eventually same of the mutated viruses found their way into the
human body, perhaps as a result of a person being bitten by a eating a
monkey (monkey brains are popularly found in Africa). Once inside the
human body, the virus may have mutated further until it become the virus
known today as the AIDS virus. Regardless of exactly where it started,
AIDS is now a world wide problem.
AIDS was first discovered in America in the year 1981 by Dr. Montegor
of the California University. But today, AIDS has been reported in
over 100 countries of the world.
1.2.2 CAUSES OF AIDS
Most scientists believe that AIDS is caused by a type of germ known
as a virus. The virus has been given a number of different scientific
names including: HTL V – III, LAV, ARV and HIV. The most commonly known
among these is HIV.
HIV stands for
H - Human
I - Immunodeficiency
V - Virus