ABSTRACT
Application of performance appraisal techniques affects
the generally performance and quality of services obtained from workers. It is
in recognition of the role assessing the staff plays in the organisation, and
the importance of their appraisal as regards their performance on their job
that I decided to write on the topic “Assessing Performance Appraisal
Techniques In Organisation (A Case of Nigerian Bottling Company Plc) various
literature were consulted to see the relationship of my assessment. In testing
the hypothesis, data was collected through the use of questionnaires, and
personal interview from the organisation under study and were analysed. Chapter
one served as the general introductory part of the project, chapter two
composed of literature review of the study, chapter three was the research methodology, while chapter four is for data
presentation and analysis. Chapter five provided the summary of the study,
conclusion and recommendations for further the use of the organisation and
further researchers
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
page - - - - - - - - - i
Declaration - - - - - - - - - ii
Approval
page - - - - - - - - iii
Dedication - - - - - - - - - iv
Acknowledgement - - - - - - - v
Abstract - - - - - - - - - vii
Table
of contents - - - - - - - - viii
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction - - - - - - - 1
1.1
Background of the study - - - - - 1
1.2
Statement of the problems - - - - - 4
1.3
Research question - - - - - - 5
1.4
Objective of the study - - - - - - 6
1.5
Scope of the study - - - - - - 7
1.6
Limitation of the research- - - - - - 7
1.7
Definition of terms - - - - - - 8
CHAPTER TWO
Literature Review
2.1 Introduction - - - - - - - 9
2.2 Providing a criteria for appraisal
techniques - - 12
2.3 Reason and importance of appraisal - - - 13
2.4 Appraisal techniques used by organisation - - 19
2.5 Reasons for appraising performance - - - - 26
2.6 Responsibility for appraisal - - - - - - 27
2.7 Problem of performance appraisal - - - - - 30
CHAPTER THREE
Research Methodology
3.1 Introduction - - - - - - - - 35
3.2 Research
design - - - - - - - - 35
3.3 Data
collection procedure -- - - - - - 36
3.4 Population - -- - - - - - - 37
3.5 Sample
size- - - - - - - 38
3.6 Convenience
sample method - - - - - - 38
CHAPTER FOUR
Data presentation
and analysis
4.0 Introduction - - - - - - - - 40
4.1
Data presentation and analysis - - - - - 40
4.2
Test of hypothesis - - - - - - - 52
CHAPTER FIVE
Summary, Conclusions
and Recommendations
5.1 Introduction - - - - - - - - 56
5.2 Summary
- - - - - - - - - - 57
5.3 Conclusion - - - - - - - - - 59
5.4 Recommendations- - - - - - - - 61
References - - - - - - - - - - 62
Appendix - - - - - - - - - - 64
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
Organisations
uses performance appraisal their strength and weaknesses and to improve in
their operations.
Performance
appraisal is defined as the formal assessment and rating of individual workers
by the supervisors and the manager.
In
any organisation, manpower remains the most prominent and the most valuable
assets among other factors of production. It is this reason performance
appraisal is given recognition as a tool to improve organisational activities.
Nigeria
Bottling Company Plc (NBC) is a Greek-Own company with branches in more then
180 countries all over the world including Nigeria.
Nigeria
Bottling Company Plc (NBC) which is part of coca-cola was incorporated in Nigeria in
November, 1951 to bottle and sell carbonated non alcoholic beverages. The
company has the sole franchise to bottle coca-cola products in Nigeria.
Production
of coca-cola began in 1853 at a bottling facility Lagos and new plants at Kano,
Port-Harcourt and Ibadan
were opened.
The
Nigeria Bottling Company Plc (NBC) became a public company in 1972 with its
shares listed on the Nigerian stock exchange.
Nigeria
Bottling Company Plc (NBC) generate it own power and is self sufficient and it
also have its own carbondioxied and water production. It has it bottling
facilities around the country and it uses 82 distributions outlets with the
Head quarter at Ebute-metta, Lagos
state.
In Nigeria today,
coca-cola is number one bottler of soft drinks, selling more than 20 million
bottles per-day this is a figure which is still growing with the continuing
expansion of the existing 18 plants in various parts of the country. Coca-cola
is bottled in Lagos, Ibadan, Part-Harcourt, Anambra, Plateau and
Kware state. Others includes Kaduna, kano and maiduguri
state.
Fanta
is by far orange segment and Sprite is the most widely sold lemon drink in
Nigeria . coca-cola, Fanta and sprite are the more products of the company
Achievement
of coca-cola has brought the development of numbers of sisters industries and
there are all contributing to the growth of the Nigerian economy.
Nigeria
Bottling Company plc obtains its bottles from the Delta Glass company in
Ugelli.
The
Nigeria Bottling Company Plc (NBC) is a subsidiary company of leventis group
which serves as the parent company. It is established in 1977 as one grown line
plant with 50 staff but it has grown to the line plant with 240 workforce.
The
corporate objectives of Nigeria Bottling Company Plc (NBC) includes the
followings:
i. Product
such as coca-cola, start up to a certain capacity as allocated to each of the
beverage.
ii. Transfer
of technology in beverage production to Nigeria. Creation of employment
opportunities to Nigerian.
iii. Generation
of considerable internal revenue for government through the payment of exercise
duties, import duties and company taxation.
iv. Provision
of varied social responsibilities
v. Presentation
of good public image both in Nigeria
and overseas
1.2
STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM
Performance
appraisal which is one of the tool used
by Nigeria Bottling Company Plc (NBC) have some draw back which if not properly
handled could destroy an organisation
i.
Worker who are not rewarded by the
management tends to
team
up which can lead to unionism
ii.
Rater biases: Some employee are appraised
based on sentiment, cultural differences, sex etc
iii.
Insufficient knowledge of the appraise:
superior are required to conduct the appraisal because of their hierarchical
position.
iv.
Error of central tendency: This is talking
about placing every employee on average performance rather than appraising them
on their contribution or performances.
v.
Error of personal prejudice: This is talking
about appraising employee using the past problem the worker might have with he
supervisor to judge the present performance of the person (Grudge).
1.3
RESEARCH
QUESTION
From
the fore-going, it is clear that employee performance can be said to be control
(Larry) of performance appraisal techniques.
On
the basis of the following hypothesis have been advanced to address the issues
raised in the statement of the problem in order to verify the objectives of the
study
Below
are the hypothesis:
Ho: Performance appraisal techniques do not
provide formal management procedure used in the evaluation of work performance
in the organisation.
Hi: Performance appraisal techniques provide
formal management procedure used in the evaluation of work performance in the
organisation.
1.4
OBJECTIVES
OF THE STUDY
The
objective of the study include:
i.
To examined the impact of performance
appraisal in the life of employee.
ii.
To identify employee strength and weaknesses
iii.
To identify training and developmental
needs.
iv.
To provide viable information for succession
planning.
v.
To provide a bases for rewarding employee in
relations to their contribution to the organisation.
vi.
To use as an impetus for the employee input
1.5
SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
This
study is concerned about assessing performance appraisal techniques in Nigeria
Bottling Company Plc in Kaduna
state.
The
researcher has related the study only to the areas that are related to the
topic such areas are: performance appraisal, Techniques for performance
appraisal etc.
1.6
LIMITATION
OF THE RESEARCH
The
short comings of questionnaire are as follows:
Attitude
of the respondents; the inapproachable attitude of some senior employees of the
organisation to the researcher may be a problem to the toughness of the
research.
Limited
finance has also contributed the researchers’ inability to purchase most of the
materials needed for the project
Time:
Due the time constraints, this study is based on company which was not a true
representation of the whole organisations.
The
study is also limited to the assessment of performance appraisal techniques in
organisation.
1.7
DEFINITION
OF TERMS
i. Appraisal: To
make a judgment of the value, performance or nature of something
ii. Techniques: This
is the particular way of doing something
iii. Organisation: An
enterprises established by a person or group of individuals, government in
order to provide goods and services for the satisfaction of human needs
iv. Performance Appraisal techniques: It
is the way or particular way that organisation used in appraising their workers
inform of saying thank you.
v. Management: A systematic
process of planning, organizing, directing, coordinating and controlling of
others to achieve organisational goal and objectives.