TABLE
OF CONTENT
Title page…… …………… ………….. ……………………………. ……..i
Certification ……………
…………….. …………………………………...ii
Dedication ……………
…………….. ………… …………………………iii
Acknowledgment ……………. ……………….
…………………………..iv
Abstract …………………..
…………………. …………………………….v
Table of Contents
………………… …………………. …………………..vii
CHAPTER
ONE: INTRODUCTION
Background to the study
……… … ……… …… ………..………………..1
Statement of the
problem …. ……. ……… ……….. ……..……………...10
Purpose of the study
…………. ………… ………… ……..……...............11
Research question/Hypothesis………….
…………… ……........................12
Significant of the
study ………… ………. …….. ………………………..13
Scope of the study
……………. ………… ………….. …………………..14
CHAPTER
TWO
Introduction
Meaning
of team
Teamwork
Types
of teams within an organization
Reasons
for adoption (use) of teamwork
Conditions
for successful teamwork
Team
leadership
Team
motivation
Team
development
Problems
encountered in teamwork
Effects
of teamwork on productivity
Conditions that hinder
growth in an organization
CHAPTER
THREE
Research methodology
………….. …………….. ………… …………….34
Research design …………..
……….. ……… …….. …………………….34
Population of the study
……………. …………….. ………………………35
Sample and sampling
technique ……….. ………. ………………………..36
Instrument for data
collection ………… ………….. ……………………...36
Validation and
reliability of the instrument………. ………………............37
CHAPTER
FOUR
Data presentation and
analysis ……….……. ……………. ……….. …….39
Analysis of
questionnaire respond by sex …………………………………40
CHAPTER
FIVE
Summary Conclusion and
Recommendation ………………………. …….54
Conclusion …………. …………….
……………….. ……………… ……56
Recommendation ……………
…………. ………….. ……………… …...57
Recommendation for
further research ………… ……………………. …...58
References …………………………………………………………………60
Questionnaire
……………………………………………………………...62
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Teamwork
is as old as mankind, and as such many organizations use the term ‘team’ in
either one sense or the other i.e such as in the production, marketing
processes, etc. Examples are management team, production team or an entire
organization can be referred as a team.
Cook
(1998) claimed that there is a growing consensus among scholars in the world
that organizations may be getting works done through individuals, but his super
achievement lies in the attainment of set goals through teams (teamwork). It is
a well known fact that teamwork is not only the foundation of all successful
managements, but the means of improving overall results in organizational
productivity.
Wage
(1997) described Teamwork as an idea of working together in a group to achieve
the same goals and objectives for the good of the service users and
organizations in order to deliver a good quality of service (productivity).
Ruth (2007) claimed that employees teamwork is seen as constituting a larger
group of people than what job position describes, the essence of teamwork is
that workload is reduced and broken into pieces of work for everyone to take
part. Alan (2003) defined teamwork as a grouping of professionals whose members
work intensely on a specific, common goal using their positive synergy,
individual and mutual accountability, and complementary skills. Employees take
baby steps toward accomplishing key action items and nothing important is
finished. Team work is the ability to work together towards a common vision. It
is a fuel that allows common people to attain uncommon results. Collective
action is widely recognized as a positive force for teamwork in any
organization or institution to succeed. Teams enable individuals to empower
themselves and to increase benefits from cooperative work engaged on as a
group. Getting together with others also can allow individuals to better understand
the importance of teamwork and how the organizations operate as well as promote
the culture of teamwork success.
Davis
(2007) claimed that employers always stress the need for employing those
(Employees) that can be able to work with a team. And they (Employers)
generally talk of teamwork when they want to emphasize the need to various
talents possessed by different employees. The organizations however, coordinate
the employees into different teams, such as management team, production team,
etc. This is purposely to tap from the abilities of respective human resources
employed by an organization.
Organization
according Caroline (2008) is a social entity that is goal directed,
deliberately structured activity systems with a preamble boundary.
Alan
(2008) claimed that productivity is the rate at which an employer, company or
country produces goods, and the amount, produced, compared with how much time,
work and money is needed to produce them.
This
therefore, shows that, this study will concentrate specifically on the use of
the term ‘teamwork’ which involves reshaping the way work is carried out. This
includes organizing employees into teams based on a distinct product, each team
performing a particular task. These teams are given a high degree of responsibility
and are expected to work with flexibility.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Every
organization, either large or small, struggles to acquire productivity so as to
achieve success and maintain a valuable image in this present world of organizational
competitions. And it is the wish of organizations to see the input they use
(resources) and the output (goods and services produced) they have at the end.
The
population of workers in an organization may be very large and yet that
organization achieving a very low productivity and with no improvement in their
products. Could this occur as a result of absence of teamwork in such
organizations. And if it is, then, there are other organizations that have
teams and yet achieve little or no productivity at all. It may be as a result
of the following problems:
1.
Lack
of Teamwork in the Organization: That is the failure of
an organization to coordinate works into work groups in order to tap from the
respective human resources the organization possesses.
2.
Poor
Leadership Styles in the Organization: It may be as a result
of the leadership style of the organization possibly not favorable to teamwork.
3.
Poor
Leadership of the Work Teams: Different work teams
may exist, but lacking the persons with the team leading acumen to lead them.
4.
Lack
of Motivation of the Workforce: The way in which
organizations reward their workforce may also lead to low organizational
productivity even when their staff work in teams.
5.
Prevailing
Conditions that hinder growth in an Organization: The
conditions permanently occurring in an organization (lack of picking-up of
innovative ideas) like the absence of designing motivational programs,
educational growth, bonuses, job rotation and the use of old technologies, etc, may be the cause of low organizational
productivity.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The
general objective of this study is to investigate the contributions of teamwork
on organizational productivity. The specific objectives of this study are as
listed below:
1)
To find out the effect of teamwork
on organizational productivity.
2)
To investigate the ways leadership
styles used by the organizations affect organizational productivity.
3)
To find out the effect of poor
leadership on work teams leadership.
4)
To investigate the benefits of
motivation to the workforce.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
For
the purpose of this research, the following research questions were formulated
to guide this study:
1)
In what ways does teamwork affect on
organizational productivity?
2)
In what ways does leadership style of an
organization affect teamwork?
3)
In what ways does team’s poor leadership
style affect their output?
4)
What are the benefits of motivation on
organizational productivity?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
STUDY
It
is very much important to maintain the healthy advantages of productivity as a
result of its importance to organizations. And teamwork is the best tool which
can be used in helping us to achieve it (organizational productivity). Looking
at the important role that teamwork can play, to enable organizations achieve
this, this study will be very significant to organizations, employers and
employees, students, managers and future researchers.
1)
Organizations:
Organizations
can take the provided information in this study to use it for saving them from
their competitive advantage and improving their productivity and the important
role teamwork can play in helping organizations to achieve productivity.
2)
Employers
and Employees: They can use it to develop and
establish firm ideas that will bring about further development in the way and
manner employers and employees can achieve the needed goals and objectives.
3)
Managers:
Practicing managers can make adjustments in their roles and leadership towards
the attainment of the organizational productivity by introducing teamwork in
organizations.
4)
Students:
This will serve as a guide and reference material to students who intend to
carry out a research, read or write more on this topic.
5)
Future
Researchers: Those who will make or carry out a
research in future will find it useful in meeting their goals.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This
study will be limited to Power Holding Company of Nigeria Plc (PHCN Kaduna
Electricity Distribution Company, Zonal Office), National Board for Technical
Education Kaduna, Coca-Cola Bottling Company, Kaduna and the Nigerian Breweries
Plc Kaduna. Through the above mentioned organizations, the study will look at
lack of teamwork in an organization, leadership style in an organization, poor
leadership of the teams, lack of motivation of the workforce, and prevailing
conditions in organizations.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Team:
A
number of people organized to work cooperatively as a group.
Teamwork:
A
cooperative effort by a group or team.
Productivity:
The
ability to be productive by either organizations or individuals.
Leadership:
The
ability to guide, direct or influence people.
Motivation:
The
cognitive or social or social forces that activate and direct behavior.