ABSTRACT
The study the role of mass media as a
tool for public enlightenment in achieving the millennium development goals
(MDGS) aimed to examine the extent the mass media has been informing the people
on the issue of development; some of the objectives of the research work
includes to examine the extent the mass media has been making the government
according to the people on the issue of development, also to examine the
attitude of people towards the millennium development goals campaign on mass
media. The study made use of questionnaire with a sample size of 100; the
chi-square test was used to test the hypothesis. The study concluded that mass
media can be used as a tool for public entertainment in achieving the MDGS.
Recommendations were made to assist the media, the federal government of
Nigeria on the issue of development. The study finally recommendation for
further research on the above topic
CHAPTER
ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACK GROUP TO THE STUDY
The
problem of development has occupied to attention of scholars, activists,
politic rams, development works and international organize for many year with
an increased tarps in to last deaden. According to UNDP report. In 1998, It
advocated that even through there are different perspectives to development
there is a general consensus that development will lead to good change
manifested in increased capacity of people to have control over materials
assets, intellectual resources and ideology, and obtain physical necessaries of
life (food, cloture and shelter) employment, equality participation in
government, political and economic independence, adequate education, gender
equality, sustainable development and peace.
This
is why some pager have argued that to purpose of development is to improve
peoples live by expanding their choice, freedom and dignity. However, the
reality of the world is that many comprise are under – development with
precious development indices. More than 1.2 billion people or about 20 precut
of the world population live survive on less than us $1 per day according to
UNDP report because wealth is concentrated in the hand of a far people.
The
UNDP in its 1998 report documented that the three richest people in the world
have assets that exceed the combined gross domestic product (GDP) of the 48
least development countries.
Nigerian
which was one of the richest 50 counties in the early 1970, according to OPEC
evaluation, has retrogressed to become one of the 25 poorest countries at the
threes hold of the twenty first century as reported by transparency
international (TI). It is phonic that Nigeria is the south largest exporter of
oil according to OPEC report and the same time host the third larges number of
poor people after china as also reported by TI.
Statistics
shown that the incidence of poverty using rate of us $ per day increased from
28.1 percent in 1980 to 46.3 percent in 1985 and drenched to 42.7 percent in
1992 but increased again to 65.5 percent in 1996. The incidence increased to
69.2 percent in 1997. If the rate of us $2 per day is used to measure the
poverty line will jump to 90.8 percent. Nigeria fares very poorly in all
development indices. The average annual percentage growth of GDP in Nigeria
from 1990 – 2000 was 2.4, this is very poor when compared to Ghana (4.3) and
Egypt (4.6). The gross national income per capital is us $260, under five
mortality rate per 1,100 and life expectancy at birth is 46 years for males and
48 years for female.
Poverty in Nigeria is in the midst of
plenty. Nigeria is among the 20 countries in the world with the widest gap
between the rich and the poor. The Gini index measure the extant to which the
distribution of income (or some cases consumption expenditure) among individual
or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A
gini index of zero represents perfect equality while an index Gf100 implies
perfect in equal.
Nigeria
has one of the highest giniindex in the world. The gini index for Nigeria is
506. This compares poorly with other countries such as India (37.8), Jamaica
(37.9), Maintain (37.3) and 12 wonder (28.9).
In
order to address the problem of the poverty and promote sustainable
development, the United Nations Mille mum declaration was adopted in September
200 at largest ever gather my of heads of states committing countries both rich
and poor to do all they can to eradicate poverty, promote lummox dignity and
equality and achieve peace, democracy and environmental stability.
In Nigeria recognizing the pivotal rotes
of civil society organization (CSOS) in mobilizing public pressure for the
achievement of the millennium development Goals (MDGs) Civil Society Action
Coalition of Education for All
(CSACEFA)
and Civil Society Coalition on Poverty Eradication (CISCOPE) with the support
of the millennium campaign and action Aid Nigeria Organized a Civil Society
Consultative form on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in Abiya, Nigeria
on 20th April, 2004 that aimed at enlighten
people or, Nigeria about the purpose and the objectives of Millennium
Development Goals.
This
form adopted various means of passing information such as television,
Newspaper, internet, bill board and most importantly radio to the people.
Since
mass media is a vital means of communication, which has the capacity of
reaching large heterogeneous group of people, over the years has become tool in
the hand of this form formed by CSOs, CSACEFA, CISCOPE and AANO to pass
effectively millennium development goals campaign to the Nigeria in perfect
way.
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The
world main development challenges, such as poverty, hunger, diseases, conflict,
underdevelopment and inequalities, have occupied the Allen lion of the
international organization, Civil Society, Politicians, Scholars, state and
development workers.
However
in order to address these development challis most especially in the
underdevelopment nations such as Nigeria, the millennium development goals was
adopted.
This work therefore is designed to
measure the role of mass media as a tool for public enlightenment in achieving
the millennium development goals (MDGs) and this will look at the mass medic as
an agent of social change.
1.3
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
-
To what extent has mass media been informing
the people on the issue of development?
-
To what extant has the mass medic been making
the government according to the people on the issue of development?
-
To what extant has the medic been carrying
the messages of the MDGs?
-
Which medic do the Iree resident prefer for
message on millennium development goals.
-
What are the attitude of people towards the
millennium development goals campaign on mass medic.
1.4.
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
H0:
mass media cannot be used as a tool for public entertainment in achieving the
millennium development goals
H1:mass
media can be used as a tool for public entertainment in achieving the
millennium development goals
1.5.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
-
To examine the extent the mass media has been
informing the people on the issue of development.
-
To examine the extent the mass medic been
making the government according to the people on the issue of development.
-
To examine the extent the medic has been
carrying the messages of the MDGs?
-
To know the attitude of people towards the
millennium development goals campaign on mass medic.
-
To know if mass media can be used as a tool
for public entertainment in achieving the MDGs
1.4
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This work will be relevant to
Nigerians and Nigeria government on the
area they need to pay more
attention in solution to the inherent problem of attuning millennium
development goals In Nigeria society most especially Iree community. At the
same fine, the study of this project work is of a great importance because. It
will go along ways in helping people to know the positive contribution of the
mass – medic in achieving the millennium development goals. The research work is
also an important mat ends of the work of expert on similar study.
1.5
SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The study is meant for the entire
citizenry of Nigeria and the entire element that are involved in achieving
millennium development goals. The fixes of the study therefore is the Nigerian
community which comprises federal Government, the state and the local
Government, which encompasses the old, the young the infant as wells the
unborn. It does not by any reason intend to go outside this frame work and cover
all categories of mass in Nigeria.
More
ever, the study will be limited to the information from both primacy and
secondary sources of data collations. Information from urban, cyber café and
questionnaire may act as a limited by time because of its academic purpose and
a particular time has been slated for its completion.
1.6
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Role:
The
way in which some or something is involved an activity or situationand how much
influences they have on it.
Mass
Media: A social institution created to perform, as required by
thesociety identifiable tasks of information, interpretation, education and
entertainment. In performance of those role. It employs technologies of
commutation such as radio, television, film telegraph, newspapers and magazines
e.tc. To comic ate message to a large, heterogeneous, anonymous, scattered and
transitory audience.
NDGs: Millennium
development goals, a program that is aimed at eradicatingunder – development
problem such as HIV/AIDs, hunger, poverty, conflict and inequalities e.t.c in
the world.