Chapter One of Need For The Development Of Entrepreneurship In A Depressed Economy Project Material starts from here.
1.1 INTRODUCTOPN
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The need to incorporate in our system the need to be technologically
self-reliant cannot be over-emphasized. The first step is to develop our
human and natural resources, thus increasing our per capital income. In
the past even years, or more, especially during the administration of
Ibrahim Babangida, Nigeria has constantly pursued an economic policy
that is geared towards self-reliance for the individual as show by such
programmes as the National Directorate of Employment (NDE) which is a
graduate assistance scheme aimed at helping young school leavers to
acquire necessary skills and funds that will help them to start their
own business, other programmes with such mission include the people
bank, Family Economic Advancement Programme (FEAP) and Nigerian Association of Small-scale Industrialists (NASSI).
The entrepreneur and his activities forms an integral part in the
development of our economy. At this point, it becomes pertinent to
define who is an entrepreneur and why we are having an insight into his
plight to actualize the aims and objectives of its existence.
Nwana, L.E. (1995:32) defined an entrepreneur as an individual who is
willing and able to take business risks for gainful purpose”.
Despite the aspirations of many, only a few people in this country
and indeed Enugu our place of concentration has carried out their
intention of having business established by them. Studies have been
shown that 90% of these who seriously decided to incorporate a company
five or more years ago have not yet done so. In Enugu state our emphasis
will concentrate on the Nigerian Association of Small-Scale
Industrialists (NASSI) Enugu State chapter, formed in 1978 owing to the
creation of Enugu State in 1991, the Enugu office was established, to
represent the organized small-scale industrialists in the state, thus
tries to uplift the status of this sector.
The NASSI has its chapter in all the seventeen (17) local government
areas of the state aimed at inculcating into our society, the spirit of
owing and controlling business at the grass root level, to facilitate
the much desired self-reliance on our locally made goods and services,
self-reliance on the national economy as show in the policies of banning
the importation of certain goods into this country, the Structural
Adjustment Programme (SAP) which among other things aims at sourcing of
our own raw materials for the industries locally, though many see it as
backward integration the maintenance culture is also part of our
attempts so self-reliance.
Based on the indeginisation policy that brought into existence, the
Nigerian Enterprise promotion decree of 1972, which aims at encouraging
and giving Nigerians the skill and knowledge to own and control their
own business. Although all the aims and objectives of this dream has not
come to fruition, since about 75% of Nigerians and indeed in Enugu has
not realized their dream of owning and controlling a business of their
choice (Igboeli J. 1995).
1.2 HISTORY BACKGROUND OF CASE STUDY
The Nigerian Association of Small-Scale Industrialists (NASSI) was found in 1978 by the Federal
Military Government of Nigeria through the Centre for Management
Development (CMD) to represent the organized small-scale industrialists
in the country and thus uplift the status of the industrial sector.
In 1979, the Anambra State chapter was constituted, owing to the
creation of Enugu State out of former Anambra State the Enugu State
Chapter came into being in 1991. this association has its office
situated at 30 Zik Avenue, Enugu to oversee the affairs of the members
in Enugu State. The Nigerian Association of small-scale industrialists
has chapters in all the 17 local governments of Enugu State. The person
at the helm of affairs at the state level is called the state chairman
while local government chapters are manned by local government
coordinators.
NASSI is on the vanguard of Industry Development to enlighten from the
grassroots, entrepreneurs and to articulate them for gainful purpose. It
also collaborates with foreign bodies to formulate business plan for
members.
1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The statement of this research work include the following:
1. How developed is the Enugu Entrepreneur, even at the emergence of NASSI?
2. With what government has done so far through NASSI, has it been able
to carry-along these entrepreneur. As regards, manpower development,
financial and technical aids.
3. If develop, to what extend has this development been able to put the Enugu entrepreneur in track of self-reliance?
4. Will the shortcomings be ascribed to the government and
non-government agencies that support them or to the entrepreneurs
themselves?
5. In such a depressed economy how is the entrepreneur surviving.
1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The need to develop entrepreneurship in the Nigerian economy cannot be
over-emphasized, because there in lies our hope of National growth. The
objective of this research includes the following.
1. To critically analyse the activities of entrepreneurs in Enugu, in
relation to the overall objective of government programmes and policies.
2. To know how the efforts of government to develop entrepreneurship is progressing.
3. To identify the problems that has been militating against the development of entrepreneurship in Enugu and Prefer solutions.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
In such a depressed economy like ours, the need to rush paid jobs with
or without personal initiatives is setting ourselves in a wrong
direction. Hence all governmental efforts to provide loans and
incentives to persons who are willing to own and control business.
It is also in record that this present administration even though
military has a clear idea of what it will take into put Nigeria on her
road to both political stability and economic growth. Obviously, this
administration has steadfastly created good economic and social
environment for real economic growth for all. This is born out of recent
experience of European and American business at large number to discuss
business with our private and public agencies. Also creditors are
either canceling our debts or converting them into long term loans with
these favourable conditions in mind, economic theories of development
suggest that a rapid growth would occur if the available resources
(human and material) are completely and judiciously explored and
utilized for the production and distribution of goods and services,
since our is a free economy, this assignments is passed unto Nigerian
Entrepreneurs to truly bring the dreams to fruition.
Therefore this study is aimed at bringing to focus this objective and
then access the steps so far and what could be done to improve the
system. If by giving the job to governmental and non-governmental
agencies participation in private sector to an organization will not be
of advantage we can deal directly with the recipients. All the funds
giving out through NDE, SAP, NERFUND etc were seen by many recipients as
their own part of “National cake”, therefore we shall strife hard to
see if we can bring in sanity in the system by giving other
organizations like NASSI the chance to directly deal with the
entrepreneurs or any other organization to be formed. Apart from poor
fund disbursement pattern, to help seek ways to connect the Enugu
entrepreneur with other business contacts with the outside world.
This research work is poised towards identifying the activities of
the entrepreneur in pursuing the much-desired economic and social
self-reliance. The work will be of great help to student of business
management scholars, also the entrepreneurs themselves will learn more
and thus make a right step in the right direction by first approaching
their businesses with the overall view of being self-reliant.
Secondly, to appreciate the financial aids giving to them as loan to
be repaid and not relief packages and finally for the government to
bring in their presence in Enugu metropolis by establishing agencies
that will be pragmatic in dealing with the entrepreneurs as well as
improving the social amenities in the city, like good road network, good
sanitary conditions and dull supply of power which forms an integral
part in the production of good and services.
1.6 Formulation of hypothesis
1. Ho: Rate of illiteracy has narrowed the scope of the Enugu
entrepreneur.
Ho: Rate of illiteracy has not narrowed the scope of the Enugu
entrepreneur.
2. Ho: Funds are misdirected thus going it to those who many not utilize
it well.
Hi: Funds are not misdirected thus going it to those who many not utilize it well.
3. Government presence in the city has brought poor assimilation of
NASSI policies on business.
4. Ho: Lack of funds has hampered the expansion of the entrepreneurs.
Hi: Lack of funds has not hampered the expansion of the
entrepreneurs.
1.7 THE SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this work is just an insight into the activities of the
young ideal manager or who may be called an entrepreneur in Enugu. The
angle the research is bringing in this entrepreneur is from the
activities of the Nigerian Association of the Small-Scale industrialist
(NASSI) Enugu State Chapter, Enugu Office. The entrepreneurs we are
going to discuss here is only the small-scale industrialist. The office
of the NASSI in Enugu has been visited and five more industries involved
in small-scale production were visited as well.
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The researcher was unable to get the required information from the
chairman of NASSI, thus speaking with the secretary though the right
data was collected.
The time lag was too short to conduct more researches on this topic
hence the asocial does not have any library for academic research work.
Thirdly funds were problems as a result much were not done on his study.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
1. Depressed economy
This is an economy where mostly economic and social activities are made to be less active, or sad without enthusiasm.
2. Scholar
A scholar is a person who studies an academic subject and knows a lot about it.
3. Poised
These means when an individual is ready or set to take action or strike something any moment in time.
4. Pragmatic
This is a way of dealing with something or problems in a practical way rather than using theoretical or abstract principles.
5. Metropolis
A metropolis is very large city that contains is very large number of people.
6. Time Lag
This is an interval of time between one event and another related event that happens after it.