CHAPTER ONE
1.1
Introduction
While most modern electrical appliances receive their power
directly from the utility grid, a growing number of everyday devices require
electrical power from batteries in order to achieve greater mobility and
convenience. Rechargeable batteries store electricity from the grid for later
use and can be conveniently recharged when their energy has been drained.
Appliances that use rechargeable batteries include everything from low-power
cell phones to high-power industrial forklifts. The sales volume of such
products has increased dramatically in the past decade. Hundreds of millions of
these products are sold annually to businesses and consumers, with close to a
billion in use in the U.S. alone.
The system used to draw energy from the grid, store it in a
battery, and release it to power a device is called a battery charger system. While designers of battery charger
systems often maximize the energy efficiency of their devices to ensure long
operation times between charging, they often ignore how much energy is consumed
in the process of converting ac electricity from the utility grid into dc
electricity stored in the battery. Significant energy savings are possible by
reducing the conversion losses associated with charging batteries in
battery-powered products. We can achieve these savings using technology that is
readily available today and employed in existing products.
In this primer, we will describe today’s standard battery charger designs
and then highlight several design strategies for improving their efficiency.
1.2 THE OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objective of this study is to
construct an effective automatic battery charge for efficient and persistence
power optimization.
And the review the development of battery
chargers from its evolution. This project also sport light the problems
associated with most battery charger and suggest possible ways of avoiding
these problems.
After the construction process in complete,
effective user guidelines are highlighted so as to enable users to be able to
use the automatic battery charger conveniently.
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The
problem of power outage in the country has greatly influenced the use of
battery appliance such as phone and laptops. This study will enable people to
charge different batteries safely, faster and conveniently since it will
operate automatically.
1.4 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The following are the problem encountered during
the research work.
1. TIME: The research on electrical construction is a
time consuming exercise for collection of material to be used, and analysis and
preparation of the components.