CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background
of the study
Electricity
supply is one the economic infrastructural facilities that are indispensable to
a nation’s economic development. The efficiency of the supply of electricity
will not only influence returns on investment on existing enterprises, it also
plays a major role in the creation of an economic environment which influences
decisions on potential investment.
The
electricity which is the main source of power for our domestic consumption,
industrial development, center of learning and medical centers should really be
rehabilitated into enhancement of productivity.
However
power failure has resulted in people buying generators for their own daily
activity. Other businesses are also not functioning due to absence of constant
power supply. These are the reasons that necessitate the designing and
construction of inverter and other standby system that can deliver maximum
output power to the load. As society grows from simple to complex, mankind
began to spread all over the earth and so itbecomes necessary to enjoy power using inverter.
Statistics
have shown that the number of business that have been closed simply because of
power problem and cannot be over emphasized, so mankind need inverter seriously
in other to restore technology development, businesses, communications,
learning center and medical centers. However, the background of the study lies
within the reason why and the construction of inverter should be forwarded and
factor that enhance inverter marketability.
Finally,
the success of this study will be beneficial to the society at large. Mass
production of inverters will lead to improve standard of living of the populace
and the nation will move forward in it pursuit of technological development.
1.2
Problem
Statement
As
a result of continuous power failure and fluctuation in power supply by Power
Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN), sensitive appliances and system are affected
by interruption power supply. Then, this project is to provides a back-up and
reliable power supply of 5000kva to power a standard five bedroom flat.
1.3 Aim
and objective
The aim of this project
is to design and construct a circuit that will take a 24v dc input from battery
and provide a 5000VA output that will be able to supply a standard five bedroom
flat. The objectives are:-
v
To
design a circuit that will convert dc to ac power for various appliances used
in domestic home.
v
To
provide a noiseless source of electricity generation.
v
To
have a source of generating electricity that has no negative effect on the
environment (i.e. no greenhouse effect).
v
To
provide a source of electricity power with low maintenance cost and zero fuel
cost.
1.4 Scope
of the Project
The
Scope of this project is to design and construct an inverter with output power
rating of 5kVA, maximum output current of 22.72A, output voltage of 220V AC
from a 24V DC input This project is basically designed for single phase
domestic loads.The project is to be realized using simple and relatively cheap
components available in the local markets.
1.5
Methodology
v To
achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps
involved.
v Study
of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
v Draw
a block diagram.
v Design
and calculation for charge controller and inverter.
v Studying
of various component charge controller and inverter circuit.
v Construct
a charge controller and an inverter circuit.
1.6
Motivation
Inverter are the best when it comes to back-up since
they can come up very fast and they generate little or no noise unlike
generator. Even in an area with constant power supply, power outage due to
natural cause and faults are usually unannounced. It is therefore very
important to prevent causalities and loss of goodwill by having a reliable
back-up power installed.
1.7
Report
Outline
This report is made up of five chapters. The first
chapter gives an introduction to the general concept of power and gives the
motivation and objectives which the project report seek to achieve. It also
explains the scope of the project and the problem statement. The second chapter
discusses the critical review of the technical and academic literature on
previous works, methodology and it also identifies modification made.
The third chapter discusses the principle of
operation of the power inverter, design and calculation of all the basic
stages. Chapter four of this project report contain the final construction and
design process, soldering, maintenance. etc. testing and test result were also
compiled.The fifth chapter contains the conclusion and recommendation of this
report.