TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE
PAGE i
DECLARATION ii
APPROVAL iii
DEDICATION iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v
TABLE
OF CONTENT vi
LIST
OF FIGURES
ix
ABSTRACT x
CHAPTER
1.INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Aim and
Objectives 3
1.3 Scope of the Project 3
1.4 Problem Statement 4
1.5 Justification of the Project 4
1.6 Thesis Outline 5
2. LITERATURE REVIEW 7
2.1 Introduction 7
2.2 Hardware Components 8
2.2.1 Solar Panel 8
2.2.2 Solar Charger 9
2.2.3 USB Port 10
2.2.4 Cell Phone Battery 12
2.3 Components
Description 13
3. DESIGN CALCULATIONS 19
3.1 Design Requirements 19
3.2 Circuit Diagram for the Solar Charger 20
3.3 Circuit Analysis 21
3.4 List of Components 26
4. PROJECT CONSTRUCTION PROCESS AND
TESTING 27
4.1 Construction Process 27
4.2 Advantages of Using Project Board 27
4.3 Soldering Technique 30
4.4 Precaution while Soldering 31
4.5 Casing and Packaging 32
4.6 Tests and Results 33
4.7 Problem Encountered 34
5. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 35
5.1 Conclusions 35
5.2 Recommendations 36
REFERENCES 37
LIST
OF FIGURES
Figure Page
Figure 2.1: USB
Connectors 11
Figure 2.2: Resistors
Configurations for USB Pins 14
Figure 2.3: TL431
Pin Configuration 15
Figure 2.4: 7805
Pin out 16
Figure 2.5:
Voltage Regulator Block Diagram 17
Figure 2.6: Pin
out of LM358 18
Figure 3.1: The
Proposed Circuit Design for Solar Charger 20
Figure 3.4: LM358
Connection 24
Figure 4.1: Image
of the Circuit on Project Board without battery 28
Figure 4.2: Image
of Circuit on Project Board with Battery 28
Figure 4.3: Image
of Solar Charger Circuit 29
Figure 4.4: Image
of Multimeter used 29
Figure 4.5: Solar
Charger Circuit Output 30
Figure 4.6: Complete
Circuit of the Solar Charger 30
Figure 4.7: Image
of Soldering iron used 31
Figure 4.8: Solar
Panel construction casing 32
Figure 4.9: Front
and Back views of the Circuit Construction Casing 33
Figure 4.10: Snap
shot of the complete Device with Cell phones 34
Connected
ABSTRACT
Cell phones need electric sources to charge their batteries in
order to work, but there are people in developing and third world countries
that find it hard to access electric sources.In an attempt to provide an
alternative means of charging to those unfortunate areas in third world and
developing countries, a solar powered cellphone charging booth is to be
designed and constructed in this project.
The goal of this project is
to create a multiple output solar cell phone chargers for Local areas that
found it difficult to charge their phones. The charger takes an input of 12
volts from solar panel and reduces the voltage level to 5 volts output used to
charge cell phones.
The
design, construction and testing of the solar charger has been achieved and
found to work satisfactorily. A cell phone charged at a rate similar to a
conventional phone charger and the operation offers a reliable protection for
cell phone batteries under charging.