ABSTRACT
This project work was undertaken to
survey the role of instructional materials in pupil’s academic performance. In
some selected primary school in Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area, Edo State.
to find solution to the problem which gave to undertaking the survey
q1uestionaire were raised to check the availability use and the attitude of
teachers towards the instructional materials in teaching in the selected
primary school in Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area of Edo State. From the
findings, it was discovered that instructional materials in the teaching of
subjects so as to enhance the promotion of learning among pupils towards
improved yearly performance and daily use.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Chapter One: Introduction
Background of the study
Statement of the problem
Purpose of the study
Significance of the study
Research questions
Scope of the study
Limitation of the study
Definition of terms
Chapter Two
Literature
Review
Chapter
Three- Methodology
Research design
Population of study
Sample and sampling procedure
Instrument for data collection
Validation of the instrument
Reliability of data collection
Method of data collection
Method of data analysis
Chapter
Four
Results on observation and discussion of
results
Chapter
Five
Summary
Conclusion
Recommendation
References
Questionnaires
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Research has proved
beyond questions that learning is more effective when as many serve as possible
are used and of all the serve sight is powerful. The need, therefore to present
information to students visually as well as verbally is now generally accepted.
In school today, emphasis is laid on
qualitative and quantitative, curriculum contents techniques and methods of
teaching of qualified teachers with great increase in the number of school as
well as students enrolment is on increase, and the quality and quantity of
teachers are needed to match this increase in enrolment of students and in this
regard.
Educational technology
cannot be rules out as an instructional innovation. According to Broom and
Thornton (1960) “The gradual shift towards the use of instructional materials
in education has been encouraged by increased availability of effective
appropriate and convenient materials, devices, machines and classroom
facilities designed for improving instruction. Throughout history, media and
technology for learning have influenced education. Recently, the computer has
invaded instructional settings such tills offer powerful possibilities for
improving the learning process.
The use of
instructional materials is necessary to supplement the available instructional
resources and qualified teachers. The current use of instructional materials in
Nigeria school is very low and unsatisfactory. The following are ways
instructional materials can contribute to qualitative education.
1.
Instructional materials provides for the
teachers tools to carryout creativity in the minds of the students.
2.
Instructional materials makes learning
process to be easy
3.
It helps the teacher to be able to
stimulate pupils to learn.
STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM
Statistics has
shown that most of our primary school teachers no longer make use of
instructional materials when teaching and this have a negative effect on the
teaching and by extension having negative effect on the academic performance of
the pupils. Some of these effects include, the pupils will not be able to
concretize the lesson that is been taught, they are unable to visualize what
the teacher is teaching because the pupils do not have a mental picture of what
the teacher is passing across to them. This makes the students to easily forget
what they have been taught in the school. without the use of instructional
materials, learning becomes boring to the pupils and they can easily lost
interest when there is nothing like instructional materials to motivate them to
learn, so whatever the teacher is teaching them, they cannot assimilate it
easily. Again, when instructional materials are not used when teaching, it
makes the pupils to be passive, they don’t have the chance to participate in
class activities. They mainly become passive listeners and this reduces their
thinking ability and they are unable to reason out things on their own.
Statistics has also shown that most primary schools lack these instructional
materials in their schools and also they lack trained teachers who know how to
use these materials. it is this lack of instructional materials in the teaching
learning process that prompted the researcher to investigate the role of
instructional materials and its effects on the performance of pupils in primary
schools.
PURPOSE
OF THE STUDY
The
objective of this research is stated as follows;
1.
To find out the type of instructional
materials available in primary schools in Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area of
Edo State.
2.
To determine the extent to which primary
school teachers utilize instructional materials.
3.
To determine the factors that militates
against the use of instructional materials in primary school.
4.
To find a lasting solution to the
problems of instructional materials availability and utilization in primary
school.
RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
1.
Can the wrong use of instructional
materials affect the academic performance of pupils?
2.
What are the effects of instructional
materials on the academic performance of pupils?
3.
Does non-availability of instructional
materials affects the performance of pupils?
4.
Does instructional materials have any
role to play in the academic performance of pupils?
SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
The
grindings of this research would be used for the following, firstly, the
findings of this research work will be used to enlighten primary school
teachers of the need to make use of audio materials in teaching and learning
process. Secondly, the findings of this research work would be used to
encourage the government and school management to provide instructional
materials for primary school. Thirdly, the findings of the research study would
be used to enlighten the school management of the need to enlighten the school
management of the need to provide in-service training and learning process.
Lastly, it would also prompt the government to organize seminars and workshops
to teach teachers on the use of instructional materials.
SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
This
research study will cover ten randomly selected primary schools in Ikpoba Okha
Local Government Area of Edo State. the result obtained however, from the
analysis of data collected from this schools will be taken as a time
representation and reflection of the prevailing condition in all the primary
schools in Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area in particular and Edo State in
general.
LIMITATION
OF STUDY
Obviously,
a research of this nature suffers many setbacks which may affect the accuracy
of findings. This research would have covered all the primary school in Edo
State. If not because of some factors the most inhibiting factor is time. The
research would want to mention that this work had to be completed alongside
with extensive year. Again, some of the respondents were reluctant to answer
the questions, those who answered, may not be free from bias. Another
limitation was the bad nature of our roads to get to some of the schools that
would have served as good sources of information for this study.
DEFINITION
OF TERMS
Performance: The act of doing something,
either good or bad.
Process: A series of things that are
done in order to achi8eve a particular result.
Concretize: To make something concrete.
Respondents: A person who answer
questions.