DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM THAT WOULD ALLOCATE RESOURCES EVENLY OVER A WIRELESS NETWORK DURING MULTICAST SESSIONS
CHAPTER
ONE
1.1
BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY
Multicast
sessions are expected to be a common form of traffic in emerging mobile ad hoc
networks. However, the recently developed theory for fair resource allocation in
Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) (Lin & Shroff 2004; Eryilmaz & Srikant
2005, 2006; Stolyar 2005, 2006; Neely et al. 2005) only addresses the case of
unicast flows. Other than developing appropriate notation, it is somewhat
straightforward to extend the theory to multicast sessions if one assumes that
data is delivered to all the receivers in a multicast group at the same rate.
Such a form of multicast is called single-rate multicast. On the other hand,
there are many video applications which allow layered-transmission so that
different receivers can subscribe to different numbers of layers and receive
different qualities of the same video, depending upon the congestion level in
their respective neighborhoods. Moreover, in wireless networks, due to varying
signal strengths at different receivers, it may not be desirable or feasible to
deliver data at the same rate to all the receivers in a multicast group. Thus, it
is important to extend the optimization-based theory to handle multi-rate
multicast sessions, i.e., multicast sessions where different receivers are
allowed to receive at different rates. Such an extension is not immediate as in
the case of single-rate multicast.
In
the last few years there has been significant growth in the area of wireless
communication. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IEEE)
802.16 (WiMAX) is the network which is designed for providing high speed wide
area broadband wireless access. It consists of a base station (BS) and multiple
subscriber station (SSs). BS transmits data to the SSs through broadcast
channel. The SSs are linked to BS through multiple access channels. IEEE 802.16
standard utilize new nodes called relay stations (RSs). The RSs relay data
between the BS and the SSs in upward and downward direction. WiMAX is an
emerging wireless technology for creating multi-hop Mesh network. Future
generation networks will be characterized by variable and high data rates,
Quality of Services (QoS), seamless mobility both within a network and between
networks of different technologies and service providers. A technology is
developed to accomplish these necessities is regular by IEEE, is 802.16, also
called as WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access). WiMAX
supports Long range connectivity, High data rates, High security, Low power
utilization and Excellent Quality of Services and squat deployment costs to a
wireless access technology on a metropolitan level.
Due
to broadcast nature of the wireless medium, multicasting do not need more
resources compared to unicasting. Multicast is used to transmit the data from
the source to multiple receivers. It is useful because it allows the
construction of truly distributed application, and provides important
performance optimizations over unicast transmission. There are a number of
existing applications for real-time audio and video conferencing which can make
good use of a multicast service when it is available. Due to heterogeneous channel
conditions, each recipient may experience different bit error rates and the
amount of resources required may vary for each recipient. Most modern
technologies utilize adaptive modulation and coding scheme to suit the channel
conditions. When there are more recipients to serve, the sender tends to
consume more resources. Since the wireless medium has limited resource, it is
not always possible to provide multicast services for all the subscriber
stations. Within the resource budget of a multicast service, resource
utilization should be done to serve as many recipients (i.e., SSs) as possible.
WiMAX provides better platform for Multicast. When a network only consists of a
BS and SSs, this maximization can be done by allocating the entire resource
budget to the BS. However, if RSs are considered, this problem becomes much
difficult because resource should be allocated among the BS and RSs.
1.2
PROBLEM
STATEMENT OF THE STUDY
However,
the time-varying nature of the wireless environment, coupled with different channel
conditions for different users, poses significant challenges to allocate shared
resource in a fair manner among users. Moreover, the lack of availability of
channel and arrival statistics further complicates the solution.
1. Unlike
Ethernet, most traffic in 802.11 is sent reliably using ACKs and NACKs so that
radio interference doesn't cause unbearably high packet loss. However,
multicast packets are sent once and are not acknowledged, so they are subject
to much higher loss rates.
2. Another
issue with multicasting is that multicast frames experience lower quality of
service. With 802.11 networks, lower throughput will definitely be the case
when one or more of the wireless clients are using the 802.11.
1.3
AIM
OF THE STUDY
The
aim of this study is to develop a system that would allocate resources evenly
over a wireless network during multicast sessions.
1.4
OBJECTIVES
OF THE STUDY
·
To solve routing issues that arises
during the sending of multicast packets over a wireless network.
·
To develop a wireless network that
reduces congestions during multicast sessions.
·
To reduce minimum power multicasting
problems.
·
To allocate resources fairly using a
resource algorithm during multicast sessions.
·
To improve the quality of service during
multicast sessions.
1.5
SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
This
study aims to use multicasting, meaning delivery of information using multicast
packets, to conserve the bandwidth of a network because only the transmission
of a single packet is necessary rather than sending packets individually
addressed to each node. This is especially important with wireless networks
having limited throughput available.
1.6
SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
This
study covers the allocation of resources over a wireless network, during
multicast sessions; it does not include wired networks and other routing
sessions.
A Research proposal for development of a system that would allocate resources evenly over a wireless network during multicast sessions:
Reviews: A Review on development of a system that would allocate resources evenly over a wireless network during multicast sessions, development, system, that project topics, researchcub.info, project topic, list of project topics, research project topics, journals, books, Academic writer.
Multicast sessions are expected to be a common form of traffic in emerging mobile ad hoc networks. However, the recently developed theory for fair resource allocation in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) (Lin & Shroff 2004; Eryilmaz & Srikant 2005, 2006; Stolyar 2005, 2006; Neely et al. 2005) only addresses the case of unicast flows. Other than developing appropriate notation, it is somewhat straightforward to extend the theory to multicast sessions if one assumes that data is delivered to all the receivers in a multicast group at the same rate. Such a form of multicast is called single-rate multicast. On the other hand, there are many video applications which allow layered-transmission so that different receivers can subscribe to different numbers of layers and receive different qualities of the same video, depending upon the congestion level in their respective neighborhoods. Moreover, in wireless networks, due to varying signal strengths at different receivers, it may not be desirable or feasible to deliver data at the same rate to all the receivers in a multicast group... computer science project topics
DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM THAT WOULD ALLOCATE RESOURCES EVENLY OVER A WIRELESS NETWORK DURING MULTICAST SESSIONS