ABSTRACT
This research project tends to examine Collective Bargaining as a Tool for Industrial Harmony in 7up Bottling Company Plc.
Survey design was employed with the use
of a well structured questionnaire. Respondents were selected based on
simple random sampling technique. Sample size of One Hundred (100)
respondents were selected from the staff of 7up Bottling Company Plc.
Three hypotheses were formulated and
tested with the use of Chi-Squre analysis. The analysis resulted to
rejecting all null hypotheses and hence accepting the three alternate
hypotheses.
Based on decisions of the tested
hypotheses conclusions were reached that Collective bargaining has
effect on industrial harmony in 7up Bottling Company; There no
relationship between collective bargaining and performance; Management
of industrial conflict does lead to performance. It was recommended that
every organization must try to hold strong collective bargaining to
enhance organizational harmony.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Front Page i
Titled page ii
Certification iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgement v
Abstract vi
Table of Content vii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Statement of Research Hypothesis
1.6 Research Methodology
1.7 Significance of the Study
1.8 Scope and Limitation of the Study
1.9 Organization of the Study
1.10 Definitions Terms
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Analysis of Organization Harmony
2.2 Definition of Organization
2.3 Types of Organization
2.4 Features of Organization
2.5 Principle of Organization
2.6 Classification of Organization
2.7 Organization of Structure
2.8 The Purpose of Structure
2.9 Organization Theory
2.10 The Bureaucratic Model
2.11 Theoretical Framework of collective Bargaining
Nature and Scope
2.12 Role of Professional Negotiation in collective bargaining
2.13 Functions of Collective Bargaining
2.14 Types of Collective Bargaining
2.15 Conditions Necessary for Effective Collective Bargaining
2.16 Collective Agreement and Contracts of Services
2.17 Historical Background of the 7up Bottling Company
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction
3.1 Research Design/Method
3.2 Population of the Study
3.3 Sample and Sampling Techniques
3.4 Instrument for Data Collection
3.5 Procedure for Analyzing Data
3.6 Method of Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPETATION OF DATA
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Presentation and Discussion of Data
4.3 Section B: General Questionnaires
4.4 Testing of Hypotheses
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
Bibliography
Questionnaires
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Once an organization is set up, there are bound to be
conflict in term of (wages, rates, employment condition etc) and when
this arises, collective bargaining is the only method in resolving the
matter. Collective bargaining is generally recognized as a central
feature of organization productivity and normally means of regulating
contract of employment and settling grievances that are bound to occur
from time to time.
Pertaining to the rate of employee productivity,
because of this symbol which has the integrative rule of negotiation and
agreement, all parties (employer and employee) ran towards it for the
safety and betterment description. Any organization without conflict and
collective bargaining is as good as dead. It is an area where the
displacement of individual workers, such as (weakness, lack of strength)
are effectively based upon. It also attempt in order to effect better
changes in conditions of employment and also replaces it with
hardworking, dedicated and experienced workers, when the non-dedicated
workers are been thrashed out by their union or employer
In essence, collective bargaining covers all
arrangements in which employee do not negotiate individually, but
negotiate collectively through representatives for instance Academic
Staff Union of the University (ASUU) because it is their representatives
that will carry out their function with a genuine manner.
Negotiation should not be left out and taking an
agreement as a room, while negotiation will stand for key to the room.
These two processing are perfectively recognized in order to make a
collective bargaining perfect. Any negotiation that does not result into
agreement is an incomplete argument.
This collective bargaining does not stop at the stage
of negotiation, it extend to the stage of agreement which inevitable
must be jointly signed by both parties i.e. workers and employers.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Collective bargaining is a negotiating process between
the employers and employees or their association on issues concerning
terms and conditions of employment.
Most of the conflicts that has been occurred in
organization has been adduced to ineffective or breakdown of collective
bargaining machineries. A lot of man working hours and revenue has been
lost due to crises in organization, it perceived the other parties
co-exists and collectively take' decisions that affect both the
organization and individual in the organization negatively for instance,
(Nafdac new law on pure water sachet).
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
The main objectives of this study are to highlight the
importance of collective bargaining as a tool for industrial harmony in
manufacturing companies generally. Specifically, the study is designed
to achieve the following objectives:
(i) Examine if collective bargaining will increase efficiency in an organization
(ii) Evaluate the effect of collective bargaining on workers
(iii) Examine the contribution of the NLC in the
settlement of industrial disputes/conflicts through collective
bargaining process.
(iv) Identify and proffer solutions to the problem
encountered by the Nigeria Labour Congress in the course of reaching
any bargaining agreement with employers
(v) Provision of strategic approach is the case
study industrial union to the settlement of strikes, disputes or
grievances using collective bargaining as the cornerstone.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTONS
The research study would provide answers to the following questions:
- Can collective bargaining improve the performances of employee in an organization?
- Can collective bargaining split out the influences of employer and management separately?
- Can the industrial development history of work from the cradle till
the present, point significant features of collective bargaining?
- Can the relationship of collective bargaining in terms of policy and
strategy cover the whole organization productivity without hesitation
or doubting?
- Been a mechanism for organizational productivity, can collective
bargaining achieved its targeting goal through the medium of
productivity?
1.5 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the following hypothesis will be postulated and tested for their validity.
1. Ho: Collective bargaining has no effect on industrial harmony in
7up Bottling Company.
H1: Collective bargaining has effect on industrial harmony in 7up Bottling Company.
2. Ho: There is no relationship between collective bargaining and
performance.
H1: There no relationship between collective bargaining and
performance.
3. Ho: Management of industrial conflict does not lead to
performance
H1: Management of industrial conflict does lead to performance
1.6 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research is of utmost important in personnel
management. It is necessary, if we are to go beyond mere speculation to
obtain concrete evidence, which allows us to describe and explain
events. Research efforts are designed with the goal of contributing to
the existing knowledge on a particular field. (Babalola, 1998).
Research methodology refers to the various steps' to be
adopted by a researcher, i.e. it deals with procedures to be adopted
for data collection and analysis. The research work used both primary
and secondary data. For the primary data the research instrument, that
was used for data collection is the questionnaire method. The secondary
data includes consultation of relevant text books, journal, newspaper as
well as other publications. The responses of the questionnaire will be
analyzed using simple percentage while the hypothesis was tested with
chi-square table
The formula for the chi-square is stated as follows
X2 = ∑(oi – ei)
ei
Where:
X2 = Chi-square
Oi = Observed frequency
ei = Expected frequency
∑ = Summation
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
(i) The study will match the employee abilities with the job requirement and organizational need
(ii) The research work will enhance organization to the standard of visibility and transformation processing.
(iii) It will create the motion of awareness to the fundamental and also develop the principle of an organization.
1.8 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This study was limited to manufacturing companies
operating in Lagos State particularly in Beverages production between
1990-2014. The scope of this research was restricted to 7up Bottling
Company in Lagos State due to financial constraint on the research. In
carrying out the research certain limitation were suggested. The major
ones are the un-corporative attitude of the company toward filling the
questionnaire and answering oral questions, so a lot of time was spent
in making repeated calls to a particular company.
1.9 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY
The study will be organized into five (5) chapters as follows:-
Chapter one focused on the introduction including
statement of the problems, significance of the study, statement of
research hypothesis, scope and limitation of the study.
Chapter two focused on literature review, chapter three
focused on structural composition and theoretical framework of the
study, chapter four also focused on data analysis and discussion of
result while chapter five focused on summary of findings, recommendation
and conclusion of the study.
1.10 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Employer: Is a person or company that
employs people into an organization. It also has the right to carried
out the organizational function with rule and protocol.
Employee: Is a group of people working in an organization for a return, basically on wages and salaries.
Job: This can simply be defined as a particular piece of work assigned of by an employee in an organization
Organization: Is the act of planning and how it is effectively innovated with purpose of functioning.
Negotiate: It is common in between the representative of employee and employer in order to reach total conclusion.
Agreement: It is a device of both
'employee representatives and employer in order to reach a motion of
doubting and coming to an agreement with having a total conclusion on
their matter arising. If the matter is not yet reaching an agreement, it
is not a collective bargaining while it is also known as incomplete
bargaining.